On the other hand, in an effort to method the crystal is extremely Highly developed production approaches are necessary. Since the dawn of the crystal, engaged on this challenge, we are actually the only real firm in the world which can be processed On this crystal.
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The typical ability on the NIR laser still has the opportunity to become improved to tens of watts which include 70 W [26] When the double-move configuration may very well be used for the Yb:YAG SCF amplifier stage. That's why, If your conversion performance of 31% from NIR to DUV could be nonetheless taken care of at this increased electric power affliction, the standard output ability of your DUV laser at 258 nm may be more than 20 W, which would certainly be a outstanding electrical power degree to the DUV laser and bring on the unanticipated DUV laser machining success. What's more, for top-ability DUV laser, the UV destruction of your nonlinear crystal, such as the Home windows for CLBO crystal along with the mirrors, is an additional crucial parameter for long-term and stable Procedure.
On the other hand, the beam high-quality of this bigger electrical power DUV laser would come to be worse resulting from more critical thermal and nonlinear consequences. Therefore, the frequency conversion processes needs to be thoroughly meant to mitigate the aforementioned effects. Therefore, a large-electricity DUV laser with the FHG of one μm with a fantastic beam top quality may be acquired and will be beneficial for getting the shorter wavelength DUV lasers such as 193 nm by SFG.
The two the 1040 nm and 1078 nm laser originate from 1 twin-wavelength Yb-doped fiber laser. Each and every laser is amplified by stages of fiber amplifier and Yb-doped supplies amplifier, respectively.
On the opposite facet, the power scaling of your NIR laser is another part to raise the ordinary electrical power of your 193-nm DUV laser. As a result of not enough the superior-electrical power amplification Option of the NIR laser (one example is at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes including optical parameter oscillation (OPO) may be placed on make a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the desired wavelength and obtaining relative increased ability [21]. Not too long ago, a diamond Raman laser showed its skill in achieving a large electricity along with a substantial conversion effectiveness with the 1st Stokes with the one-μm laser [22,23], which suggests the likelihood for being utilized inside the 193-nm DUV laser generation due to its significant Raman get and huge frequency shift.
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In the scientific and industrial programs, the beam excellent of your DUV laser can also be a very important parameter. Especially, the beam excellent of your DUV laser drastically impacts the laser machining benefits. The beam quality in the DUV laser is decided by that of the basic laser and also the crystal for your frequency conversion. A short while ago, a large-electric power DUV laser (>10 W) at 258 nm was described using a beam high quality of M2 < 1.5, which was generated by FHG of the Yb:YAG laser at 1030 nm utilizing the CLBO crystal [13]. This laser would bring about an even better laser machining final result in comparison to the earlier DUV lasers with more substantial M2.
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Cesium Lithium Borate (CsLiB6O10 or CLBO) is the best non-linear crystal which generates ultraviolet harmonics from the Nd:YAG essential laser wavelength. So as to boost the harm threshold, small CLBO surface area roughness, by extremely-precision machining, is needed. As the CLBO crystal has simple hydroscopic response and micro scratches in machining, extremely-exact machining of the CLBO crystal can be a tough complex problem.
The beam profile proven in Figure 7b shown a very good beam high-quality as one of the deserves of Raman laser, which might be effective to generate a 193-nm DUV laser with a high quality beam.
Its UV absorption edge reaches 180 nm. The helpful nonlinear optical coefficient of CLBO for frequency doubling at 1064nm is about two times as large as that of KDP. CLBO crystals is usually grown with the stoichiometric melt with decreased viscosity.
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